Here you can find some key words in ophthalmology with a simple explanation.
A
Aberrations
Refractive errors that can't be corrected with glasses.
Aberration Guided Ablation
individually guided laser ablation
Ablation
The term ablation refers to the removal of body tissue.
Ax
Short for axis. This indicates the axial position of the astigmatism in degrees.
Axial Myopia
A nearsightedness, which is caused by an elongation of the eye.
Adaption
Adaptation of the retinal cells to different light stimuli.
Add
Short for Addition. This term refers to the additional correction of presbyopia in diopters.
Akkommodation
The ability of the eye to zoom in.
Akkommodativ
The ability of the eye to adjust focus on both near and far objects without glasses . The weakening of this ability from about the age of 45 is called esbyopia: The patient then needs reading glasses
Age-related Makular Degeneration
Distorted vision is a first, very serious indication of possible macular degeneration. Rapid treatment is needed, as already curred vision loss is hard to repair and the refractive deterioration has to be stopped.
Amblyopia
Poor eye sight, for example caused by different refractive power between the two eyes.
Ametropia
Deviation from normal vision: nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) and astigmatism.
Anamnese
A patient's medical history.
Astigmatism
It refers to a special optic in the refractive condition of the eye.
Amblyopia
Developmental disorder of the vision in the early stages of life, for example, by squinting or cloudiness in the cornea.
Astigmatism
Corneal irregularity caused by refractive errors, individual points of an object are instead perceived as bars / sticks.
B
Biometry
Reciprocal of the distance between the lens and its focal point (1 / m)
Brechungsmyopie
Caused by excessive refractive power of the cornea or lens myopia.
Bandage Contact Lens
Protective lens, which is worn after certain eye surgeries during the healing phase.
C
Clear Lense Exchange
The body's natural lens is replaced with an artificial lens.
Cornea
It represents the front, clear transparent part of the outer skin of the eye. Its diameter is approximately 11 to 12 mm, its thickness is 0.5 to 0.6 mm in e center.
Cataract
When cataract or cataract occurs, it usually results in a clouding of the lens, caused by age-related changes .
Corneal Endothelium
Single layer squamous epithelium as interior lining of the back surface of the cornea.
Cataract
When cataracts occur, it is usually caused by age-related changes to lens opacity.
Cyl
Abbreviation stands for cylinder and indicates the value of the corneal irregularity in diopters.
D
Diopter
is the eye nearsighted, a minus sign is written in front of the value of the spectacles or contact ns.
Dry Eye
Disorder of the tear film due to too little tear fluid or rapid evaporation of tear fluid.
E
Emmetropia
Is a normal vision, where the focal point hits accurately on the retina.
Epi-LASIK
The Epi-LASIK is mainly used for correction of myopia and astigmatism when a femto-LASIK is not possible due to a thin cornea.
Epithelial Tissue
Outermost cell layer such as the membrane of the cornea.
Excimer-Laser
UV laser that is used to correct refractive errors.
Eyetracker
Eye tracking system for the laser eye treatment.
F
Focal Point
Point of intersection of the rays after refraction through the lens.
Femtosecond Laser
Special laser for preparing the corneal flap during the Femto-LASIK method.
Flap
The corneal flap formed during the LASIK procedure.
Fundus
The back of the eye
Farsightedness
Farsightedness is a so-called axial refractive error of the eye.
G
Glaucoma
As glaucoma or glaucoma is defined as an increase in pressure inside the eye, or an otherwise caused circulatory disorder that destroys the optic nerve.
Glaucoma Attack
Shifting of drainage channels in the eye with a sudden and severe rise in intraocular pressure.
GOA
The fees for doctors (GOA) governs the accounting of all medical services outside the public health insurance
H
Halo
Light sources are perceived with halos / light scattering.
Haze
A slight milky clouding of the lens, which can occur after a laser eye treatment.
Hyperopia (Farsightedness)
The eyeball is too short in relation to the refractive power of the optical means of the eye.
I
Intraocular pressure
Refers to the physical pressure placed on the interior wall of the eye wall.
ICL
Lens implants, artificial lenses for correction of vision disorders
Intraokulae Contact Lens
Artificial lens, which is now used in the cataract surgery as a replacement for the body's natural lens in the interior eye. One fferentiates the posterior chamber lens (standard) and anterior chamber lens, foldable lenses (made of acrylic or silicone) and rigid lenses (Plexiglas).
Iridotomy
surgical removal of small parts of the iris while maintaining the pupil.
Iris
Iris, which gives the eye the color. It controls the pupil (aperture), which can zoom in and out.
Iritis
Inflammation of the iris.
K
Keratectasia
A corneal thinning, which causes the cornea to arch slightly outward due to the intraocular pressure.
Keratitis
An inflammation of the cornea (keratitis) can be caused by an infection with a pathogen, but also be caused by non-infectious causes. Mainly an flammation caused by bacteria can develop a corneal ulcer, which in extreme cases can penetrate into the anterior chamber of the eye.
Keratome
A fine razor-like instrument for preparing the corneal flap in LASIK.
Kornea
"Connective tissue "glass dome" of the eye."
L
LASEK
Laser Ephitial Keratecotonmy which is the development of PRK.
LASIK
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis. Method of refractive surgery to correct vision disorders by laser ablation (excimer laser) in the interior of the cornea.
Lens
Latin for Lens
Lens
Organ of the eye interior, which accounts for a large part of the refractive power of the eye and enables the so-called accommodation.
Lens Implant
Artificial lens which is implanted in addition to or as an alternative to the natural lens in the eye.
Lens Exchange
Instead of the natural lens an artificial lens is placed into the eye.
M
Macula
Stelle des schaerfsten Sehens auf der Netzhaut, auch Point of sharpest vision in the retina, known as the macula.
Macular Degeneration
This leads to fluid buildup under the retina through leakages and to neovascularization.
Myopia (nearsightedness)
nearsighted or myopic can see distant objects worse than nearby objects. The light which comes from a distance, is too strongly refracted the cornea and lens, and therefore the focal point of the eye lies in front of the retina. If the light comes from nearby, it is focused properly on the retina. Therefore, a nearsighted can see well up close.
N
Nearsightedness
The eye is usually too large, the incoming light is not focused on the retina but in front of it. (medical myopia)
O
Ocular Fundus
This is the rear inner wall of the eyeball, visible through the transparent glass body.
P
Pachymetry
Measurement of the corneal thickness by ultrasound.
Post-operative
These are the values measured after a laser correction
Pre-operative
These are the values measured before a laser correction
Presbyopia
From approximately the age of 45 the ability to see sharply up close noticeably decreases. The lens of the eye loses its elasticity, and the ability to cus is reduced. Reading glasses is then necessary.
PRK
The procedure, run by the excimer laser, that shapes the second layer of the cornea.
Pupil
Circular hole in the iris, through which we see.
Pupillometer
An inspection device for determining the pupil diameter depending on different lighting conditions.
R
ReLEx smile
ReLEx laser correction is a minimally invasive type of laser eye surgery
With ReLEx ® smile, the VisuMax laser enables the fusion of modern femtosecond technology and precise lenticule extraction to provide a minimally invasive vision correction – in one step.
Refractive Power
Measure for the beam deflection of the light rays on a focal point, unit is reproduced in diopters.
Refractive Error
Generic term for the various vision disorders.
Retina
Organ of the eye interior, onto which the incoming light rays impinge.
Refraction
Means the light deflected. Deviation of the refractive power of the eye, in a perfect case
Refractive Surgery
All the surgical procedures for the correction of refractive errors.
Refractometer
Objective measurement of the refractive power of the eye.
Retina
Retina, organ of the eye interior, on which the incoming light rays hit.
S
Secondary Cataract
"The secondary cataract is the most common "side effect" of the cataract surgery. It consists of a thin layer cell that grows behind the tificial lens, and can increasingly degrade the visual acuity after a successful cataract surgery."
Slit lamp Examination
Biomicroscopic examination of the eye with a slit-shaped light source.
Sph
The sphere is measured in diopters. (Abbreviation stands for sphere).
T
Tonometer
Intraocular pressure measurement device
Toric
Term for cylindrical spectacles or lenses that compensate for astigmatism.
V
Vision Disorder
refractive error caused by an error in the construction of the eye or of the lens
Vitreous Body
The vitreous body (corpus vitreum) is a component of the eye of vertebrates. To obtain the shape of the eye, they contain a gel-like, translucent bstance, the vitreous body. The vitreous body is located between the lens and the retina. Consequently light, the collected from the lens passes through the vitreous. on its way to the retina The vitreous body is composed of approximately 98% water as well as about 2% hyaluronic acid and a network of collagen fibers
Visual Acuity
Ability of the eye to perceive two points as separate.
W
Wavefront
Technique for determining the total refractive error.